Tag: Mergers and Acquisitions
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Corporate Restructuring and the Business Purpose Rule
In 1935, the House of Lords famously observed that “every man is entitled to order his affairs” in order to minimise his liability to tax (IRC v. Duke of Westminster, [1936] AC 1). This is the dictum that is often cited as the source of the rule that while tax avoidance is legal, tax evasion
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Relief for Investor Community on “Control” Debate
Background Under the SEBI Takeover Regulations, there are two methods by which an acquirer could be obligated to make an open offer to the public shareholders of a listed target company. The first is when the acquirer acquires shares or voting rights beyond certain defined thresholds (as contained in Regulations 10 and 11, with the
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Restructuring Companies: Capital Gains and Transfer Pricing
In a very interesting decision that could have significant implications for restructuring companies, the Authority for Advance Rulings [“AAR”] has discussed several controversies in connection with restructuring schemes. The decision, Re Dana Corporation (decided November 30, 2009), is available here. The applicant, Dana Corporation, was incorporated in the USA. As part of its extensive worldwide
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Inputs and Suggestions to TRAC
The Takeover Regulations Advisory Committee (discussed earlier) has invited inputs and suggestions regarding suitable amendments to the SEBI Takeover Regulations. This is part of the committee’s consultative process. Suggestions are due in the prescribed format by October 31, 2009. The background for the proposed amendments is as follows: There have … been various prominent judgments
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The Legal Aspects of Dual Listings
There has recently been a fair amount of discussion regarding the ability of companies to carry out dual listings in India. This arises in the context of dual listing as a possible structure being considered in the Bharti-MTN transaction. Generally, dual listings occur when two or more companies (that otherwise intend to merge) continue as
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Revamping the Takeover Code
After consolidating the regulations relating to primary markets (as discussed in the previous post), SEBI has embarked upon the next exercise of revamping the SEBI (Substantial Acquisition of Shares and Takeovers) Regulations, 1997 (popularly known as the Takeover Code). It has appointed a Takeover Regulations Advisory Committee (TRAC) to advise on changes to the made
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Depository Receipts and the Takeover Regulations
SEBI yesterday published its informal guidance in the matter pertaining to Bharti Airtel Limited. The question was whether the acquisition of 36% global depository receipts (GDRs) in Bharti Airtel Limited by MTN and its shareholders as part of the combination transaction would trigger various obligations under the SEBI (Substantial Acquisition of Shares and Takeovers) Regulations,
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Squeezing Out Minority Shareholders: A Recent Judgment
st1:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } The question of squeezing out minority shareholders (also known as freezeouts in some jurisdictions) is always a vexed question. This is because the law in certain circumstances allows minority shareholders to be forcibly bought out by the majority shareholders or the company such that they are forced out of the company. The controversy
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Indian Acquisitions Abroad
(In the following post, Rajvendra Sarswat, an Indian lawyer, examines the current trends in acquisition activity in India, with particular reference to overseas acquisitions by Indian companies) The news of an Indian company making any global acquisition or financing any project might have been surprising few years back, but not anymore. In the year 2006,
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Reactions to the Satyam Sale
The swiftness with which the sale of Satyam was effected has made headlines (please see links below). At stake were not only the interests of the company and its stakeholders (including shareholders, employees, customer, and so on) but also the credibility of India as an investment destination (particularly in the IT sector). These interests can
