[Aparna Ravi is a Partner and Manan Sheth an Associate at S&R Associates] In its judgement dated September 30, 2024 in Ms. X v. Internal Complaints Committee, ANI Technologies Private Limited (Writ Petition No. 8127 of 2019), the Karnataka High Court held that the relationship between ANI Technologies Private Limited (“OLA”) and its driver subscribers was an employer-employee relationship...
Resolution Professional as the Occupier: A Recipe for Disaster?
[Tanish Arora is a 3rd year B.B.A.LL.B. student at National Law University Odisha] In December 2023, the Madras High Court in Subrata Monindranath Maity v The State, Represented by Deputy Director, Industrial Safety and Health-II stipulated that a person who is the resolution professional (“RP”) in respect of an establishment is also an occupier under the Factories Act, 1948. Hence, the RP would...
Rajasthan’s Gig Workers’ Legislation: Paving the Way for Transformation?
[Esha Rathi is a final year B.B.A. LL.B. (Hons.) student at Jindal Global Law School.] Rajasthan has taken the lead as the first Indian state to regulate and support the burgeoning gig economy workforce through a comprehensive legal framework titled “Rajasthan Platform Based Gig Workers (Registration and Welfare) Act, 2023” (Act), the Bill for which was brought before the Rajasthan Legislative...
Supreme Court Holds Maternity Benefits Could Extend Even Beyond Contractual Term
[Lavanya Chawla is an Associate at J-Law Offices, New Delhi.] A three Judge bench of the Supreme Court in Dr. Kavita Yadav v The Secretary, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Department & Ors (17 August 2023) held that if a woman has worked in an establishment for 80 days, she would be eligible for full maternity benefits, even if such benefits exceed the term of contract. Facts An...
Mandatory Arbitration Clauses: A Threat to Labour in India?
[Nankee Arora is a fourth-year law student at Jindal Global Law School] Mandatory arbitration clauses have become increasingly prevalent in employment contracts around the world. Employers seek to bind their employees to arbitration from the inception of their employment contract so in the event a claim arises they can take recourse to the speedier but more importantly confidential and largely...
Labour Law and the Gig Economy: Towards a Hybrid Model of Employment
[Sahaj Mathur is a IV year BA. LLB Student at the National University of Juridical Sciences, Kolkata] The status of gig workers has become a cause of growing concern in recent months. Niti Aayog’s report ‘India’s Booming Gig and Platform Economy’ estimates that nearly 23.5 million workers will be engaged in the gig economy by 2029. However, the report also notes how the gig economy has become...
X v. Registrar, MP High Court: Recognising Involuntary Resignations as Constructive Dismissal
[Saurabh Mishra is an Advocate-on-Record, Supreme Court of India and Akshat Bhushan a 3rd Year student pursuing BA LLB (Hons.) at Hidayatullah National Law University, Raipur] In its judgment dated 10 February 2022, the Supreme Court held that a resignation by an employee, which is found to be tendered amid an unfair and unjust work environment, is not voluntary and amounts to ‘constructive...
Shifting Sands: Determining the Onus of Proof for Gainful Employment
[Shivankar Sukul and Mudit Burad are fourth year students at National Law University Jodhpur pursuing the course of BBA-LLB (Hons.)] Section 11A of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 (“ID Act”) vests the court with the power to set aside the order of dismissal and direct reinstatement in cases it considers such order to be illegal. The provision also provides the discretion to the court to award...
Supreme Court on the Regularization of Temporary Employees
[Naman Keswani is a 3rd year B.A., LL.B. (Hons.) student at Hidayatullah National Law University, Raipur. The author would like to thank Dr. Balwinder Kaur for her valuable inputs on the post] In Union of India v. Ilmo Devi (7 October 2021), the Supreme Court reiterated the fact that a temporary or casual worker in a State-run authority cannot seek parity with the regular employees of the...
ESOPs to Non-permanent Employees: An Analysis of SEBI’s Recommendation
[Anant Budhraja is a III year student at the West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences, Kolkata] Unacademy, the ed-tech unicorn, became the first Indian company to issue Employee Stock Options (ESOPs) to gig workers, i.e., educators on their platform, in July 2021.These options, referred to as Teachers Stock Options (TSOPs), constituted a corpus of $40 million, which had directly...
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