[Piyush Rathi and Saksham Agrawal are 4th Year B.A. L.L.B students at NALSAR University of Law] A majority of large scale businesses today grow around a parent company that branches out into a group of companies, each of which performs a specific function. Such a structure in the form of a conglomerate provides for administrative convenience to the managers of the companies along with a range of...
Shareholding Patterns and Director’s Duty of Loyalty: Comparative Analysis of India and the US
[Ishani Mookherjee is a 3rd year B.A. LLB (Hons.) student at Jindal Global Law School] The Delaware Supreme Court, in Cede v. Technicolor Inc., examined the applicability of the business judgment rule in the United States (US). For a business decision to be protected by this rule, two conditions have to be satisfied – the duty of loyalty and the duty of reasonable care. This creates a...
The Enforceability of Investor Rights in Indian Private Equity
[Arjya B. Majumdar is an Associate Professor at Jindal Global Law School] Globally, private equity (PE) and venture capital funds are among the primary factors supporting entrepreneurship and furthering growth in companies. These investments are ordinarily made in exchange against some form of minority shareholding in the investee company, such as equity shares or convertible preference shares or...
Electoral Bond Scheme, 2018: A Company Law Perspective
[Abhinav Sankaranarayanan and Saurav Rajurkar are IV year students at the West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences, Kolkata] Background The Electoral Bond Scheme, 2018 made headlines recently after the Supreme Court of India finally began hearing the matter and passed an interim order requiring political parties to submit the details of funds procured through electoral bonds to the...
Schemes of Arrangement in Liquidation: A New Ray of Hope?
[Vinod Kothari is an insolvency practitioner at Vinod Kothari & Co and can be reached at [email protected]. An earlier post on the topic is available here.] The recent rulings of appellate judicial and quasi-judicial authorities in India permitting the pursuit of schemes of arrangement even after initiation of liquidation proceedings may have sounded surprising to many. However...
Supreme Court on the Relationship between Insolvency and Winding-up Proceedings
[Akhil Kumar is a Fourth Year BA LLB (Hons.) student and Ayushi Singh a Third Year BA LLB (Hons.) student at NUALS, Kochi] The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 has amended several provisions of the Companies Act, 2013 through the eleventh schedule of the Code. This has, on a few occasions, led to several uncertainties regarding the application of the amended provisions to various company...
SEBI Consults on Shares with Differential Voting Rights
Dual class share (DCS) structures are becoming more popular around the world. While they have been existent in several companies in the United States (US) for some decades now, they were accompanied sometimes by a sense of unease among investors and regulators due to the disparity they create between economic rights (level of ownership) of shareholders and their control rights (voting). Since the...
Do the Companies (Significant Beneficial Owners) Amendment Rules, 2019 Narrow the Scope of these Rules?
[Aditi Tomar is a 4th Year B.A.LLB (Hons.) Student at NALSAR University of Law, Hyderabad] The Companies (Significant Beneficial Owners) Rules, 2018 (“Rules”), which were notified on 14 June 2018, aimed to trace the ultimate individual or natural person who holds beneficial interest, i.e., exercises rights and entitlements in the company, by looking through the complex layers of the corporate...
Amendment to the Companies (Significant Beneficial Owners) Rules, 2018: An Analysis
[Niharika Sharma is a IV Year, B.A. LL.B. (Hons.) student at the National Law School of India University, Bangalore] In June 2018, the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (‘MCA’) issued the Companies (Significant Beneficial Owners) Rules, 2018 (‘SBO Rules’) and notified section 90 of the Companies Act, 2013 (‘2013 Act’). This was to curb the illicit activities (such as money laundering) being carried...
The (Ambiguous) Position of Chairman Emeritus in Corporate Governance
[Priya Garg is a 5th year student at West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences (WBNUJS), Kolkata] When Ratan Tata, the then Chairman Emeritus of the Tata Group of companies, allegedly exercised his influence over the Group’s directors to dethrone its then Chairman, Cyrus Mistry, because of the former’s dissatisfaction with the latter’s functioning,[1] a new corporate governance issue...
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