Tag: Mergers and Acquisitions
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The Legal Aspects of Dual Listings
[Posted by Umakanth Varottil] There has recently been a fair amount of discussion regarding the ability of companies to carry out dual listings in India. This arises in the context of dual listing as a possible structure being considered in the Bharti-MTN transaction. Generally, dual listings occur when two or more companies (that otherwise intend…
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Revamping the Takeover Code
[Posted by Umakanth Varottil] After consolidating the regulations relating to primary markets (as discussed in the previous post), SEBI has embarked upon the next exercise of revamping the SEBI (Substantial Acquisition of Shares and Takeovers) Regulations, 1997 (popularly known as the Takeover Code). It has appointed a Takeover Regulations Advisory Committee (TRAC) to advise on…
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Depository Receipts and the Takeover Regulations
[Posted by Umakanth Varottil] SEBI yesterday published its informal guidance in the matter pertaining to Bharti Airtel Limited. The question was whether the acquisition of 36% global depository receipts (GDRs) in Bharti Airtel Limited by MTN and its shareholders as part of the combination transaction would trigger various obligations under the SEBI (Substantial Acquisition of…
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Squeezing Out Minority Shareholders: A Recent Judgment
[Posted by Umakanth Varottil] st1:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } The question of squeezing out minority shareholders (also known as freezeouts in some jurisdictions) is always a vexed question. This is because the law in certain circumstances allows minority shareholders to be forcibly bought out by the majority shareholders or the company such that they are forced out of…
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Indian Acquisitions Abroad
[Posted by Umakanth Varottil] (In the following post, Rajvendra Sarswat, an Indian lawyer, examines the current trends in acquisition activity in India, with particular reference to overseas acquisitions by Indian companies) The news of an Indian company making any global acquisition or financing any project might have been surprising few years back, but not anymore.…
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Reactions to the Satyam Sale
[Posted by Umakanth Varottil] The swiftness with which the sale of Satyam was effected has made headlines (please see links below). At stake were not only the interests of the company and its stakeholders (including shareholders, employees, customer, and so on) but also the credibility of India as an investment destination (particularly in the IT…
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Proposed Change in Takeover Rules: More than Just Satyam
[Posted by Umakanth Varottil] A few days ago, when newspapers reported that SEBI was considering an exemption from the minimum pricing norms in the context of a potential takeover offer on Satyam, the obvious question arose as to how an exception can be made in respect of a single company, and that too one which…
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Recent amendment allowing additional 5% creeping acquisition for 55-75% slab – some issues
[Posted by Jayant Thakur] 1) SEBI amended vide notification dated 30th October 2008 the Takeover Regulations Takeover to, in essence, permit an acquirer, with persons acting in concert with him, to increase his holding by 5% by acquiring additional shares or voting rights upto 5% through open market purchases or pursuant to buyback of shares…
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Tax Implications of Demergers
[Posted by Umakanth Varottil] (The following post is contributed by Mihir Naniwadekar) Generally, the gains arising from a demerger are exempt from capital gains tax, while those arising from a slump sale are not. But, then, what exactly is a ‘demerger’ for the purposes of the exemption from capital gains tax? Can a demerger ever…
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Cross-Border Mergers
[Posted by Umakanth Varottil] Under the present provisions of Sections 391-394 of the Companies Act, 1956 it is possible for a foreign company to merge with an Indian company, but an Indian company cannot be merged with a foreign company. This is intended to ensure that the company that continues after the merger is an…